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I typically pick up the Women's World whenever I can it's a weekly publication. Sometimes I read it quickly others not so might pick it up week's later. This one is at least this month's but I saw something in it that I thought Anne or Sandi those that enjoy Volcanoes might like this it's a show on PBS Feb. 20 . the information with it saw 30 volcanoes erupt on Earth in a given day. and you wow at the spectacle right from home with this new special. It highlights the beauty of these fiery mountains, plus the ecosystems that thrive off of the. Learn about the animals that live on the slopes, the cities that are built nearby and how volcanoes help to shape our environment
Hope you get this in time if you hadn't already heard about it
sheila

Wow!

Thanks for posting this, Sheila! I will definitely give it a watch! I hadn't heard about it.

A couple of years ago, when I was giving volcano talks to school children, I always had fun asking a few questions, in order to get the kids stirred up (LOL - their teachers had to deal with them once I had gone).

The first set of questions: "How often, somewhere in the world, does a volcano erupt? Every few decades?
Every few years? Every month or so? Every week? Every day? How often?"

Most kids went for the "every few years" answer. (Correct answer: Every day there is a volcano, somewhere in the world, that is erupting. Often, more than one!!)

Second set of questions (hint: my last volcano talk was in Chico, California): "If you got up right now, right this minute stood up out of your chair, and walked out to your car and started driving - with your parents, that is! (laughter) how long would it take you to drive to the nearest active volcano? A year of driving? A month of driving? A week of driving? A day of driving? An hour of driving? How long?"

Of course, most people - adults as well as children - tend to think that a volcano is very strange, ominous, and mysterious, and thus must be extremely far away, the reasoning being that if it was close, they would already know about it.

Most kids guessed a month of driving, sometimes they guessed a week. (Correct answer: About an hour of driving. It's a little more than an hour's drive from Chico, Ca. to Lassen Volcanic National Park. Lassen Peak is still considered to be an active volcano, and it's number and type of thermal features - in the United States - is second only to Yellowstone)

My last question (before getting into the meat of the talk, the questions were just to "warm up" the audience, and get them a bit excited) "How do you know if a volcano has erupted in the past?"

This was maybe my favorite question, and I got all sorts of fun answers from the kids, which really tickled me. "Because of the lava", or "because of all the rocks" or "because of the earthquakes". The fun thing is that all of these answers are basically correct, but the answer I was looking for (and also a correct answer as well): Because it is there! That's how you know a volcano has erupted in the past. If it hadn't erupted, it wouldn't be a volcano!

Wish I was still giving volcano talks. They really were a lot of fun. (see my volcano talk link below my van photo)

Thanks again, Sheila!!

Anne

Hi Sheila.

I have been searching on PBS and on the web, and I can't find any new and upcoming volcano program.

Do you know the name of it?

Thanks.

Anne

I reread the paragraph and can't see a name it's head line was TV: PBS be in awe of nature with Living Volcanoes! perhaps that is the clue??? so sorry had hopes I had made your day
sheila
after I typed this I went and did a google for PBS Living Volcanoes tried to capture a link but lost it I guess
I got the impression that there was a series plus a video for sale and whatever it was I tried to link for you but it did mention Weds night
hope you have more success
sheila

This might be it.
https://www.pbssocal.org/programs/nova/ ... es-iqiwjg/

Bethers wrote:This might be it.
https://www.pbssocal.org/programs/nova/ ... es-iqiwjg/

I’m not sure that matches Sheila’s description.
Sandi

“Living Volcanoes” is on Nature on my local PBS station (KQED) at 8:00 pm tonight.

https://video.kqed.org/video/living-vol ... ew-nkmlgp/

Sandi

thanks Sandi and Beth
hopefully Anne found it
sheila

Thanks Sheila, Sandi and Beth!!

I think I have seen that "Killer Volcanoes" one that Beth posted, but not the one that Sandi posted, which looks like it is a "Nature" program. It looks really good!!

Unfortunately, doesn't look like PBS is posting it on their Roku channel, but I can stream it on my computer, so Woo! Something cool to watch!

Thanks, Ladies, I don't think I would have known about it if Sheila hadn't posted.

Sandi, did you ever make it to St. Helen's and the Cascade volcanoes in Oregon? I remember you talking about a volcano trip a while back.



Anne

Hi, I taped the Nova program from 8 to 9 PM last night. It was excellent!!! Probably old stuff for you Annie. Talked about Viseuvis and Pompaeii. But, it also talked about how Viseuvis is an active volcano. They say it is going to blow again...just do not know when! Therefore, they are monitoring it 24/7.
There is another volcano near Naples that is possibly going to blow ?!?!?!?! This volcano is bigger than vesuvius! Because they are attempting to forecast its blowing, they will attempt to evacuate the town of Naples prior to the blow!!!!! Evacuate 3 million people?!?!?! All the monitoring devices were fascinating.
Lyn

Annie, reguarding your last quesrion...that Hugh volcano near Naples, is a volcano that has NOT erupted!!! The earth rose, there were many earthquakes, then the earth fell. The scientist proved the cap rock BENT and prevented the magma from exploding. Thousands of people live on that caldera.
I always thought that caldera meant the reservoir of magma. The way it was used here, it means the hole left in the volcano after it explodes.
I hope I am Making sense of a fascinating difficult subject.
Lyn

I watched the show about the Naples caldera last night. I was thinking who in their right mind would build there. Of course, I'm the nervous nelly that was worried about camping next to an extinct volcano that hasn't erupted in a million years. I need to quit watching the nature shows. Now I'm worried about a tsunami.

Martha

Cudedog wrote:Sandi, did you ever make it to St. Helen's and the Cascade volcanoes in Oregon? I remember you talking about a volcano trip a while back.
Anne

I went to Mount St. Helens in 2017, but not to the Lapine area after you cancelled. I may try again when I go through Oregon on my way to Montana.
Sandi

Hi Lyn!

Talking about volcanoes always gets me charged up! WOOHOO!!!

First of all, the common definition of the word "volcano":

"A mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust."

Lyn, I'm going to talk about the second part of your comment first:

SoCalGalcas wrote:I always thought that caldera meant the reservoir of magma. The way it was used here, it means the hole left in the volcano after it explodes. Lyn

A caldera forms in this way:

1. A reservoir of molten rock (called magma) is formed when molten rock (or semi-molten rock) escapes from the earth's mantle through fractures in the crust.

This commonly happens at the boundaries of the tectonic plates, where one plate is subducting under an adjacent plate. This can also occur at "hot spots" in the crust (Yellowstone).

2. This rising magma accumulates - generally over thousands of years - and eventually forming a reservoir within the earth's crust

3. The pressure on the crust from this expanding reservoir (expanding from the pressure of the rising magma, and other reasons) creates fracturing above the reservoir.

4. The ever-increasing pressure of the filling magma chamber on the fractured rock above it causes the magma to migrate upwards, through these fractures, under very great pressure.

5. As the magma reaches nearer the surface, pressure is reduced, the gas trapped in the magma suddenly expands very very rapidly, and, voila! We have a volcanic eruption! (As an illustration, think about what happens when you shake a bottle of soda really hard, keeping your finger on the opening, then take your finger off - the gas in the soda, which was under pressure, suddenly expands at the release of pressure - you took your finger off - and the soda explodes out of the bottle. Volcanic eruption is much the same principal)

6. The eruption will go on for a time, depending upon how much pressure needs to be released, and how much magma was in the magma chamber (reservoir) in the first place. Finally, the magma chamber has been emptied.

7. When the magma chamber is empty, it leaves a void - an empty space in the crust - where the magma used to be. A caldera forms when the now-empty magma chamber can't support the weight of the fractured rock above it. The rock collapses back into this void (the empty magma chamber), leaving a bowl-shaped depression in the earth.

This depression is called a caldera.

Here is a short video explaining caldera formation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQRt2NCmEw8

Lyn, I'm now going to talk about the first part of your comment.

SoCalGalcas wrote:Annie, reguarding your last quesrion...that Hugh volcano near Naples, is a volcano that has NOT erupted!!! The earth rose, there were many earthquakes, then the earth fell. . . .Thousands of people live on that caldera.

I believe that you are speaking of the Campi Flegrei volcanic area near Naples, Italy (also not too far from Vesuvius). The area is closely monitored by geologists, and the earth there has, indeed, been "rising and falling" for decades.

Yes, there have been volcanic eruptions of of the Campi Flegrei volcanic area. It has been established that Campi Flegrei had major eruptions 39,000 years ago, and also 15,000 years ago. There was a smaller ("smaller" being relative!) eruption there in 1538. The 1538 eruption being it's most recent eruption.

SoCalGalcas wrote:Thousands of people live on that caldera.

Yes, you are correct. People do live in that caldera. And, yes, this is a volcanic caldera, a caldera that was formed by volcanic eruption.

If anyone reading this isn't sick of reading about volcanoes by now (LOL! I never am!), here is a fun map of the city of Naples, Italy, population 3,000,000 (three million). Note the location of Vesuvius in relation to Naples. Suburbs surround Vesuvius on all sides, many buildings even creep up the volcano's slopes.

Vesuvius last erupted in March, 1944 (a mere blink in geologic time).

Will it ever erupt again? Absolutely. Without doubt.

Naples is an ancient city, much of it comprised of narrow, one-lane streets that have been there since before the invention of the automobile. Imagine three million people trying to escape down narrow, twisting, streets, all running for their lives.

When the next eruption draws close, it will be a major task to evacuate all three million people before Vesuvius explodes.

Naples, Italy (be sure to zoom in on Vesuvius)
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Naples,+Metropolitan+City+of+Naples,+Italy/@40.8523054,14.3980633,21803m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x133b084f6a6c7e99:0x3df52cc13b78191d!8m2!3d40.8517983!4d14.26812

Thanks, everyone!

Anne

Wow Anne, thanks for ll this information. Wish I could hear one of your talks.